Siksha Sarovar

Siksha Sarovar (sikshasarovar.com) is a free educational web application that helps students in India learn programming and prepare for academic and competitive exams. The platform offers structured coding courses (C, C++, Python, Java, HTML, CSS, PHP, Power BI, AI, Machine Learning, Data Science), complete university curriculum notes for BCA/MCA students with previous year question papers, Class 10 and Class 12 CBSE/HBSE school notes, and dedicated preparation material for SSC, UPSC, Banking, Railway and other government exams. Browsing the site is completely free and requires no account. Users may optionally sign in with Google solely to save their learning progress, quiz scores and personal preferences across devices.

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Siksha Sarovar is a free e-learning platform for coding courses, BCA university notes and competitive exam preparation. Optional Google sign-in saves your learning progress across devices.

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Hydro-Meteorological Disasters

Lesson 8 of 38 in the free Disaster Management notes on Siksha Sarovar, written by Rohit Jangra.

Hydro-Meteorological Disasters

These are caused by atmospheric and hydrological processes.

1. Floods

  • Causes: Heavy rainfall, dam failure, rapid snowmelt, poor drainage.
  • Consequences: Inundation of land, waterborne diseases, crop destruction.
  • Control: Embankments, dams, flood forecasting, wetland conservation.

2. Cyclones

  • Causes: Low-pressure areas over warm oceans.
  • Consequences: Strong winds, storm surges, heavy rain.
  • Control: Cyclone shelters, satellite tracking, early warning systems.

3. Lightning & Thunderstorms

  • Causes: Atmospheric instability and electrical discharge.
  • Consequences: Electrocution, fires, electronic damage.
  • Control: Lightning conductors on tall buildings, staying indoors during storms.

4. Hail Storms

  • Causes: Strong updrafts in thunderstorms causing ice formation.
  • Consequences: Crop damage (severe), injury to livestock and people, vehicle damage.
  • Control: Anti-hail nets for crops, weather monitoring.

5. Avalanches

  • Causes: Snow accumulation, steep slopes, vibrations (sound/earthquake).
  • Consequences: Buries skiers/villages, blocks roads.
  • Control: Snow fences, controlled blasting, afforestation.

6. Droughts

  • Causes: Prolonged lack of rainfall, overuse of groundwater.
  • Consequences: Water scarcity, famine, crop failure, migration.
  • Control: Rainwater harvesting, drought-resistant crops, water conservation.

7. Cold and Heat Waves

  • Causes: Extreme atmospheric temperature variations.
  • Consequences: Heat/Cold strokes, death (elderly/homeless), crop stress.
  • Control: Public advisories, shelters, modifying work hours.