Encapsulation

Encapsulation means binding data and methods together and restricting direct access.

Access Modifiers

Example

class User {
   private $password;

   public function setPassword($pass){
      $this->password = $pass;
   }
}

Exam Definition: Encapsulation provides data security using access modifiers.

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Inheritance and Types

Inheritance allows one class to acquire properties and methods of another class.

class A {
   public function show() {
      echo "Parent Class";
   }
}

class B extends A {
}
$obj = new B();
$obj->show();

Types of Inheritance in PHP

Exam Tip: PHP does not support multiple inheritance directly.

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Polymorphism

Polymorphism means one method, many forms.

Method Overriding Example

class Shape {
   public function draw() {
      echo "Drawing Shape";
   }
}

class Circle extends Shape {
   public function draw() {
      echo "Drawing Circle";
   }
}

Exam Definition: Polymorphism allows the same method name to perform different tasks.