Siksha Sarovar

Siksha Sarovar (sikshasarovar.com) is a free educational web application that helps students in India learn programming and prepare for academic and competitive exams. The platform offers structured coding courses (C, C++, Python, Java, HTML, CSS, PHP, Power BI, AI, Machine Learning, Data Science), complete university curriculum notes for BCA/MCA students with previous year question papers, Class 10 and Class 12 CBSE/HBSE school notes, and dedicated preparation material for SSC, UPSC, Banking, Railway and other government exams. Browsing the site is completely free and requires no account. Users may optionally sign in with Google solely to save their learning progress, quiz scores and personal preferences across devices.

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Siksha Sarovar is a free e-learning platform for coding courses, BCA university notes and competitive exam preparation. Optional Google sign-in saves your learning progress across devices.

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4.6 City Automation and Smart Street Lighting

Lesson 28 of 31 in the free Internet of Things (IoT) notes on Siksha Sarovar, written by Rohit Jangra.

4.6.1 The Vision of City Automation

Optimizing the flow of resources (Water, Energy, Traffic) through a city-wide sensor mesh to improve the quality of life.

4.6.2 Designing a Smart Street Light System (University Case Study)

This is a standard IoT design project involving feedback control. Hardware Architecture:

  • Input: LDR (to detect darkness), PIR/Microwave (to detect pedestrians/cars), Current Sensor (to detect bulb failure).
  • Output: PWM Dimmer / High-voltage Relay.
  • Controller: ESP32 (Wi-Fi) or LoRa Module for long-range city-wide coverage.

Software Logic Algorithm:

LOOP (Every 1 Minute):
    READ LDR_Value
    IF (LDR_Value < Night_Threshold):
        READ Motion_Sensor
        IF (Motion_Detected == TRUE):
            SET Brightness = 100%
            SEND "Active" State to Cloud
        ELSE:
            SET Brightness = 20% (Energy saving mode)
    ELSE:
        SET Brightness = 0% (Daytime)
    
    READ Current_Sensor
    IF (Brightness > 0 AND Current == 0):
        SEND "ERROR: Bulb Failed" to Maintenance Dashboard
END LOOP

4.6.3 Industrial Impact

Cities like Los Angeles and Barcelona have saved millions in electricity and maintenance by switching to connected LED streetlights.