Siksha Sarovar

Siksha Sarovar (sikshasarovar.com) is a free educational web application that helps students in India learn programming and prepare for academic and competitive exams. The platform offers structured coding courses (C, C++, Python, Java, HTML, CSS, PHP, Power BI, AI, Machine Learning, Data Science), complete university curriculum notes for BCA/MCA students with previous year question papers, Class 10 and Class 12 CBSE/HBSE school notes, and dedicated preparation material for SSC, UPSC, Banking, Railway and other government exams. Browsing the site is completely free and requires no account. Users may optionally sign in with Google solely to save their learning progress, quiz scores and personal preferences across devices.

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Siksha Sarovar is a free e-learning platform for coding courses, BCA university notes and competitive exam preparation. Optional Google sign-in saves your learning progress across devices.

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4.1 Air & Noise Pollution

Lesson 24 of 30 in the free Environmental Studies notes on Siksha Sarovar, written by Rohit Jangra.

Air Pollution

Definition: Presence of chemicals/particles in the air at levels harmful to health.

Major Pollutants:

  1. Particulate Matter (PM2.5 / PM10): Tiny dust/soot particles. Enter lungs and blood.
  • Source: Vehicles, Construction, Crop burning.
  1. Carbon Monoxide (CO): Colorless, odorless gas. Reduces blood's oxygen-carrying capacity (deadly).
  • Source: Incomplete combustion (Car engines).
  1. Sulfur Dioxide (SO2): Causes acid rain and respiratory issues.
  • Source: Coal power plants.

Control Measures:

  • Electrostatic Precipitators (ESP): Remove 99% of particulate matter from industrial smoke.
  • Catalytic Converters: In cars, convert CO and NOx into harmless CO2 and Nitrogen.
  • Bharat Stage (BS) Norms: Stricter fuel standards (like Euro norms). India moved directly from BS-IV to BS-VI.

Noise Pollution

Definition: Unwanted or excessive sound (usually > 80 dB).

Sources:

  • Traffic (Horns), Industry, Loudspeakers, Construction, Firecrackers.

Effects:

  • Auditory: Hearing loss (Temporary/Permanent).
  • Non-Auditory: Hypertension, Stress, Sleep disturbance, Anxiety.

Control:

  • Green Muffler scheme (Planting trees along roads to absorb sound).
  • Strict laws on loudspeaker timings (10pm - 6am ban).
  • No-honking zones near hospitals/schools.