DAX Logical Functions

Logical functions evaluate conditions and return results based on whether conditions are true or false. They are essential for implementing business logic in Power BI.

IF()

Evaluates a condition and returns one value if true, another if false.

Syntax: IF(Condition, ValueIfTrue, ValueIfFalse)

Examples:

Status = IF(Sales[Amount] > 1000, "High", "Low")

Profit Status = IF([Total Profit] > 0, "Profit", "Loss")

Nested IF:

Grade =
IF(Sales[Score] >= 90, "A",
IF(Sales[Score] >= 80, "B",
IF(Sales[Score] >= 70, "C", "D")))

Tip: For multiple conditions, prefer SWITCH() over nested IF() for readability.

SWITCH()

Evaluates an expression against a list of values and returns the corresponding result. Cleaner alternative to nested IF statements.

Syntax: SWITCH(Expression, Value1, Result1, Value2, Result2, ..., DefaultResult)

Examples:

Day Name =
SWITCH(
    Dates[DayNumber],
    1, "Monday",
    2, "Tuesday",
    3, "Wednesday",
    4, "Thursday",
    5, "Friday",
    6, "Saturday",
    7, "Sunday",
    "Unknown"
)

SWITCH with TRUE() — for conditions:

Sales Category =
SWITCH(
    TRUE(),
    [Total Sales] > 100000, "Platinum",
    [Total Sales] > 50000, "Gold",
    [Total Sales] > 10000, "Silver",
    "Bronze"
)

AND() and OR()

Syntax: AND(Condition1, Condition2) OR(Condition1, Condition2)

Using Operators (Alternative Syntax):

Eligible = IF(Sales[Age] >= 18 && Sales[Status] = "Active", "Yes", "No")

• && is equivalent to AND() • || is equivalent to OR()

Examples:

VIP Customer =
IF(
    AND(Customers[TotalSpend] > 50000, Customers[Years] > 3),
    "VIP",
    "Regular"
)

Needs Attention =
IF(
    OR([Sales] < 1000, [Returns] > 100),
    "Review",
    "OK"
)

Comparison: IF vs SWITCH