Siksha Sarovar

Siksha Sarovar (sikshasarovar.com) is a free educational web application that helps students in India learn programming and prepare for academic and competitive exams. The platform offers structured coding courses (C, C++, Python, Java, HTML, CSS, PHP, Power BI, AI, Machine Learning, Data Science), complete university curriculum notes for BCA/MCA students with previous year question papers, Class 10 and Class 12 CBSE/HBSE school notes, and dedicated preparation material for SSC, UPSC, Banking, Railway and other government exams. Browsing the site is completely free and requires no account. Users may optionally sign in with Google solely to save their learning progress, quiz scores and personal preferences across devices.

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Siksha Sarovar
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Siksha Sarovar is a free e-learning platform for coding courses, BCA university notes and competitive exam preparation. Optional Google sign-in saves your learning progress across devices.

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Unit 1: Overview

Lesson 1 of 31 in the free Operating System & Linux Programming notes on Siksha Sarovar, written by Rohit Jangra.

Unit 1: Operating System Foundations & Linux Basics

This unit lays the conceptual foundation of operating systems and introduces the Linux environment. We start from the very definition of an operating system, walk through its evolution from batch systems to modern real-time systems, then dive into Linux architecture, the directory tree, essential commands, and the vi editor.

Why this Unit Matters

  • An OS is the bridge between bare hardware and the user. Without it, every program would have to talk to the disk controller, the keyboard, and the CPU directly.
  • Linux is today the dominant server, embedded, and cloud OS. Knowing the shell and vi is non-negotiable for systems work.
  • Concepts learned here (kernel, system call, file abstraction) are reused in every subsequent unit.

Learning Outcomes

By the end of Unit 1 you will be able to:

  1. Define an operating system and list its principal functions.
  2. Distinguish among batch, multiprogrammed, time-sharing, parallel, distributed and real-time systems.
  3. Sketch the layered architecture of Linux and navigate its standard directory hierarchy.
  4. Use core Linux commands to discover help, navigate files, and inspect the system.
  5. Write, save and execute a small shell script using vi.