Siksha Sarovar

Siksha Sarovar (sikshasarovar.com) is a free educational web application that helps students in India learn programming and prepare for academic and competitive exams. The platform offers structured coding courses (C, C++, Python, Java, HTML, CSS, PHP, Power BI, AI, Machine Learning, Data Science), complete university curriculum notes for BCA/MCA students with previous year question papers, Class 10 and Class 12 CBSE/HBSE school notes, and dedicated preparation material for SSC, UPSC, Banking, Railway and other government exams. Browsing the site is completely free and requires no account. Users may optionally sign in with Google solely to save their learning progress, quiz scores and personal preferences across devices.

Privacy Policy | Terms of Service | Contact Siksha Sarovar | About Siksha Sarovar

v4.0.9 · PWA
Siksha Sarovar logo
Siksha Sarovar
Your Learning Universe

Siksha Sarovar is a free e-learning platform for coding courses, BCA university notes and competitive exam preparation. Optional Google sign-in saves your learning progress across devices.

Initializing knowledge base…
Compiling modules 0%

2.3 Terrestrial Ecosystems

Lesson 11 of 30 in the free Environmental Studies notes on Siksha Sarovar, written by Rohit Jangra.

1. Forest Ecosystem

Dominated by trees.

  • Tropical Rainforests: Near equator. High rain (>200cm). Highest biodiversity ("Lungs of the Earth"). Multilayered canopy.
  • Deciduous Forests: Trees shed leaves to save water during dry season (Teak, Sal). Common in India.
  • Coniferous (Taiga): Cold regions. Needle-like leaves (Pine, Fir).

2. Grassland Ecosystem

Rainfall is intermediate (less than forest, more than desert).

  • Savanna: Tropical. Tall grasses with scattered trees. Home to big game animals (Zebra, Giraffe).
  • Steppe/Prairie: Temperate. Short grasses. "Granaries of the world" (Wheat/Maize farming).

3. Desert Ecosystem

Scare rainfall (<25cm). Extreme temps.

  • Flora Adaptations: Deep roots, thick cuticles, spines instead of leaves (Xerophytes).
  • Fauna Adaptations: Nocturnal, converting fat to water (Camel humps), concentrated urine.

4. Tundra Ecosystem

"Treeless Plain". Arctic/Alpine.

  • Permafrost: Subsoil acts as a permanently frozen layer.
  • Biota: Mosses, Lichens, Polar Bears, Penguins.